Users should note that the calculator above runs calculations for zero-coupon bonds.Īfter a borrower issues a bond, its value will fluctuate based on interest rates, market forces, and many other factors. Instead, borrowers sell bonds at a deep discount to their face value, then pay the face value when the bond matures. Zero-coupon bonds do not pay interest directly. Coupon interest payments occur at predetermined intervals, usually annually or semi-annually. With coupon bonds, lenders base coupon interest payments on a percentage of the face value. Two common bond types are coupon and zero-coupon bonds. Face value denotes the amount received at maturity. The face, or par value of a bond, is the amount paid by the issuer (borrower) when the bond matures, assuming the borrower doesn't default. Technically, bonds operate differently from more conventional loans in that borrowers make a predetermined payment at maturity. This kind of loan is rarely made except in the form of bonds. Bond: Predetermined Lump Sum Paid at Loan Maturity Some loans, such as balloon loans, can also have smaller routine payments during their lifetimes, but this calculation only works for loans with a single payment of all principal and interest due at maturity. Unlike the first calculation, which is amortized with payments spread uniformly over their lifetimes, these loans have a single, large lump sum due at maturity. Many commercial loans or short-term loans are in this category. Instead of using this Loan Calculator, it may be more useful to use any of the following for each specific need: Mortgage Calculatorĭeferred Payment Loan: Single Lump Sum Due at Loan Maturity Below are links to calculators related to loans that fall under this category, which can provide more information or allow specific calculations involving each type of loan. The word "loan" will probably refer to this type in everyday conversation, not the type in the second or third calculation. Some of the most familiar amortized loans include mortgages, car loans, student loans, and personal loans. Routine payments are made on principal and interest until the loan reaches maturity (is entirely paid off). Many consumer loans fall into this category of loans that have regular payments that are amortized uniformly over their lifetime. Amortized Loan: Fixed Amount Paid Periodically
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